During which process does RNA relay information to the ribosomes?

The process during which RNA relays information to the ribosomes is translation. In this phase of gene expression, messenger RNA (mRNA) that has been transcribed from DNA carries the genetic information from the nucleus to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm. Once at the ribosome, the mRNA serves as a template for assembling amino acids into a specific sequence to form a protein.

In translation, transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules bring the appropriate amino acids to the ribosome, matching their anticodons with the codons on the mRNA strand. This critical step synthesizes proteins, which are essential for various cellular functions.

The other choices represent different biological processes. Transcription involves the synthesis of RNA from a DNA template and occurs prior to translation. Mitosis is a type of cell division that leads to two daughter cells and does not involve RNA relaying information to ribosomes. Double-helix formation refers to the structure of DNA and is not a process involving RNA or protein synthesis.