How does a Punnett square help predict the genotype of offspring?

A Punnett square is a useful tool in genetics for predicting the possible genotypes of offspring based on the genetic makeup of the parents. It systematically displays the combinations of alleles that can result from the crossover of parental gametes during reproduction. By laying out the possible alleles from each parent along the rows and columns, the Punnett square allows one to visualize and determine which genotypes may result from specific combinations.

The key function of a Punnett square is to reveal all potential genetic outcomes, not to make definitive predictions about each individual offspring. This means that while it can show which genotypes are possible—by illustrating the various allele combinations—it does not guarantee that a specific genotype will occur in every instance. The probabilities indicated by the combinations help in estimating the likelihood of the different genotypes appearing in the offspring. Thus, it serves as an educational and predictive guide in genetic inheritance, making option B the correct choice.