What do DNA codons encode?

DNA codons encode amino acids, which are the building blocks of proteins. Each codon consists of a sequence of three nucleotide bases in DNA or RNA, and these triplets specify which particular amino acid will be added during the process of protein synthesis. The sequence of these amino acids ultimately determines the structure and function of the protein. The process of translating DNA into proteins is fundamental to all living organisms, as proteins play critical roles in virtually every biological function.

In contrast, blood is a type of tissue composed of various cells and plasma; neurons are specialized cells related to the nervous system; and cell walls are structural components found in certain organisms like plants and bacteria. While these elements are important in biology, they are not directly encoded by DNA codons. Instead, the codons serve the specific purpose of dictating the sequence of amino acids in proteins, which can then give rise to a variety of biological structures and functions, including blood cells and neurons, but are not encoded directly by the codons themselves.